The JACHO 2006 Standard and its Implementation in the ER Essay Example for Free

The JACHO 2006 Standard and its Implementation in the ER Essay The Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare organizations (JACHO) is known for its effort in accrediting hospitals and other medical facilities and is an independent, nonprofit organization. It is the oldest standard-setting and accrediting body in the health care in the United States, evaluates, and accredits about 20,000 hospitals and health care organizations nationwide. The JACHO’s mission is to see to it that quality care provided to the public is improve, through the provision of health care accreditation and related services supporting the performance improvement in health care organizations. The 2006 National Patient safety Goals aims to promote precise improvements in the patient safety, and to point out complicated areas in health care and illustrate consensus based on experts and on evidence, to solutions to these complicated areas. This goal is focus in general on system-wide solutions when ever and where ever possible. The 2006 Standard for Hospital Care Item 2E Item 2E of the 2006 standards for hospital care implement standardized means to â€Å"hand-off† communications, which include the chance to ask and respond to questions (The Joint Commission Perspective on Patient safety p. 3). The requirement 2E can be implemented in the ER through interactive communication, which would provide opportunity for question and answer between the giver of health care and the receiver. The 2E item can also be implemented through review of relevant patient historical information, which contains earlier care, management and services. However, it is important that health care organization defines and communicate a process in which information about patient care is communicated consistently. Meghan Pillow pointed out that when patient is handed off â€Å"care givers promote safe and effective treatment by passing along crucial information such as patient current condition, on going treatment, recent changes in condition, and possible changes or complications for which to be prepared† (Pillow 2007, p. 95). Reference List Improving Compliance with the 2006 National Patient Safety Goals Patient Safety Vol. 6 Issue 3March 2006 http://www.theschwartzcenter.org/news/news/Implementing.pdf Pillow, Meghan (2007) Improving Hand-off Communication. USA: Joint Commission Resources

Healthcare, Medicare, and Medicaid Essay -- Health Medicine Government

Healthcare, Medicare, and Medicaid The U.S. health care system is a scrutinized issue that affects everyone: young, old, rich, and poor. The health care system is comprised of three major components. Since 1973, most Americans have turned to managed-care programs, known as HMOs. The second type of health care offered to Americans is Medicare, health care for the elderly. The third type of health care is Medicaid, a health care program for the poor. Why is our health care system made up of three components, and how did the U.S. health care system develop? A Historical View The idea of prepaid health care dates back to the beginning of the 20th century. The first HMOs were started in the 1920s in Elk City, Oklahoma as a farmers’ cooperative. In Los Angeles, California the Ross-Loos Medical Group offered prepaid medical services to employees and families of the Los Angeles County Department of Water and Power. Other large prepaid group practices originated in the 1940s and 1950s. In 1942 employee health premiums were made tax deductible to employers, not individuals. By this time, many individuals were discouraged from buying health insurance. In 1965 Congress created Medicare. Subsidized, unrestricted health care for the elderly led to enormous spending by patients and doctors. As a result, health care costs went up, making it impossible for individual health insurance. Many liberals in Congress believed that having the government pay for everyone’s health care could control costs. They promoted the idea of health maintenance organizations. President Nixon proposed the HMO Act. In 1973 Congress passed it. Legal impediments were removed to increase the growth of HMOs. HMOs were developed as pa... ... which the federal government should contribute. The block grant program has gained popularity because the federal government, simply, transfers Medicaid money to the state to distribute it accordingly. Between 1987 and 1992, thirty mandates were issued to states that related to program eligibility, reimbursements, and services. Works Cited: â€Å"Medicaid Reform-Introduction.† The Century Foundation: Policy in Perspective. 06 Oct. 2003 . â€Å"Medicaid Reform-What’s Right with Medicaid?† The Century Foundation: Policy in Perspective. 06 Oct. 2003 . Medicaid Reform-What’s Wrong with Medicaid? The Century Foundation: Policy in Perspective. 06 Oct. 2003 . Healthcare, Medicare, and Medicaid Essay -- Health Medicine Government Healthcare, Medicare, and Medicaid The U.S. health care system is a scrutinized issue that affects everyone: young, old, rich, and poor. The health care system is comprised of three major components. Since 1973, most Americans have turned to managed-care programs, known as HMOs. The second type of health care offered to Americans is Medicare, health care for the elderly. The third type of health care is Medicaid, a health care program for the poor. Why is our health care system made up of three components, and how did the U.S. health care system develop? A Historical View The idea of prepaid health care dates back to the beginning of the 20th century. The first HMOs were started in the 1920s in Elk City, Oklahoma as a farmers’ cooperative. In Los Angeles, California the Ross-Loos Medical Group offered prepaid medical services to employees and families of the Los Angeles County Department of Water and Power. Other large prepaid group practices originated in the 1940s and 1950s. In 1942 employee health premiums were made tax deductible to employers, not individuals. By this time, many individuals were discouraged from buying health insurance. In 1965 Congress created Medicare. Subsidized, unrestricted health care for the elderly led to enormous spending by patients and doctors. As a result, health care costs went up, making it impossible for individual health insurance. Many liberals in Congress believed that having the government pay for everyone’s health care could control costs. They promoted the idea of health maintenance organizations. President Nixon proposed the HMO Act. In 1973 Congress passed it. Legal impediments were removed to increase the growth of HMOs. HMOs were developed as pa... ... which the federal government should contribute. The block grant program has gained popularity because the federal government, simply, transfers Medicaid money to the state to distribute it accordingly. Between 1987 and 1992, thirty mandates were issued to states that related to program eligibility, reimbursements, and services. Works Cited: â€Å"Medicaid Reform-Introduction.† The Century Foundation: Policy in Perspective. 06 Oct. 2003 . â€Å"Medicaid Reform-What’s Right with Medicaid?† The Century Foundation: Policy in Perspective. 06 Oct. 2003 . Medicaid Reform-What’s Wrong with Medicaid? The Century Foundation: Policy in Perspective. 06 Oct. 2003 .

Jhumpa Lahiri’s Interpreter of Maladies: Summary of This Blessed House Essay

Sanjeev doesn’t understand why his wife is so charmed by the snow globes, statuettes and 3D postcards. By the end of the week, Twinkle grows dismayed that no other objects are hiding about. Then she finds a tacky poster of a crying Jesus and, with delight, announces she will hang it up. Sanjeev, unpacking while listening to Mahler, puts his foot down. Twinkle pushes back and decides to hang the poster in her study behind the door so it will remain hidden during their housewarming party. Sanjeev sighs and thinks about the piece he is listening to – a testament to love. From the bathrrom, Twinkle tells him she finds the music boring. They bicker about the mantle on their way to Manhattan for a night, Twinkle in high heels and now taller than Sanjeev. He doesn’t understand why she is content and curious about everything. He doesn’t understand why she doesn’t unpack or clean or dust as she is home all day working on a dissertation. Three days later, he comes home to a delicious fish stew concocted out of thin air and with the vinegar Sanjeev implored Twinkle to throw away. The bread basket is covered with a cloth bearing Christ’s image. Twinkle calms him by saying that the house is blessed. Sanjeev marvels at her behavior. Nicknamed after a nursery rhyme, she has yet to lose her childlike endearment. They had only known each other for four months. Their parents, old friends, arranged a meeting at the birthday party of one of the daughters in their circle. Sanjeev, in California on business, began an intense long-distance relationship with Twinkle after that night. They married in India shortly thereafter and Twinkle moved to Connecticut – where she knew no one. Sanjeev found the house before leaving for the wedding and determined that he and his bride should live there forever. A week before the housewarming party, Twinkle and Sanjeev rake the lawn of the golden leaves. Across the yard, Twinkle screams and Sanjeev runs over, thinking she has found a dead animal or snake. Instead, she has found a bust of the Virgin Mary. She screams with delight and insists on keeping it on the property. But Sanjeev is worried about what the neighbors will think, as they are Hindu and not Christian. Twinkle doesn’t understand. Sanjeev, feeling as if he is getting nowhere with this woman he barely knows and yet shares his life with, wonders if they love one another. Sanjeev only knows for certain that love is not what he had in his old life – full of takeout meals and classical CDs arriving by mail. Later, with Twinkle in the bath, Sanjeev declares he is going to throw out the statue. She rises up and marches downstairs in a towel. She tells Sanjeev she hates him, then collapses in his arms in tears. The statue ends up in an alcove out of sight from the main road but still visible to all who visit their home. The night of the housewarming party, Twinkle avoids removing the objects from the mantle and Sanjeev hopes his guests – mostly colleagues – will notice the bones of the house more. When the guests arrive, Twinkle charms them easily. Sanjeev is asked if he is Christian, but it is not as big of an issue as it appears. His friends are impressed by Twinkle, but he still feels a bit lost. He steals a moment alone in the kitchen. Replenishing the champagne from the cellar, he hears Twinkle explain the figurines and how each day is like a treasure hunt. Soon, she mobilizes the party to search the attic, much to Sanjeev’s dismay. While everyone is in the attic, he fantasizes removing the ladder and truly having the house to himself. He thinks of sweeping the figurines off of the mantle and into the trash in silence. Sanjeev finds Twinkle’s discarded shoes and places them in the doorway of their master bedroom. For the first time since they married, the shoes create a pang of anticipation in Sanjeev. He thinks of Twinkle slipping her soles into the shoes, touching up her lipstick and rushing to hand out their guests’ coats at the end of the night. It reminds him of the anticipation he would feel before one of their long talks when she was still living in California. Twinkle’s voice rings out. The party has found an enormous silver bust of Jesus in the attic. She asks if they can put it on the mantle, just for the night. Sanjeev hates it, especially because she loves it so much, and he knows it will never find a home in her study as she promises. He knows she will have to explain to their guests to come, in their many years together. She rejoins the party and he follows.This Blessed House is another exploration of love and marriage and the effects of communication. Sanjeev and Twinkle are newlyweds who have known each other for only a short time. Though their marriage is not an arranged one in the traditional sense, they are matched by their parents and wed after only a brief, long-distance courtship. It is this long-distance aspect to their relationship that both helps and hurts the marriage. Twinkle and Sanjeev do not know each other that well and both fail to live up to the other’s expectations of what a husband or wife should be. Marriage in Interpreter of Maladies is often fraught with loneliness. Here, the communication breakdown that happens between the couple exacerbates Sanjeev’s loneliness. Ultimately, the pangs of anticipation that Sanjeev feels when she would visit from California are revealed to be the sparks of love at the end of the story. Throughout, Sanjeev doubts their connection, commitment, and even the nature of love. But he is a person who has never experienced love and, in some ways, his story is his coming of age. Twinkle is more open to contentment and wonder – which Sanjeev labels as â€Å"childish. † The fight that Twinkle initiates actually starts a dialogue. In the end, there is acceptance on Sanjeev’s behalf of his wife’s idiosyncrasies and one feels that they have happy years in their future, like Mala and her husband and unlike Mr. and Mrs. Das. The religious iconography irks Sanjeev for several reasons. First, Twinkle’s obsession with them signifies their differing personalities. For Twinkle, the â€Å"treasure hunt† is a game of discovery. For Sanjeev, the leftover artifacts are mere trash. Sanjeev is concerned about how the pieces will reflect on him. Trying to impress his coworkers is made difficult when he is concerned about what the items say about him. Sanjeev bristles a bit when he has to explain that there are Christians in India. He does not want to have to explain things relating to his culture as he is trying to assimilate. He introduces his wife under her given name of Tamina rather than Twinkle because he is embarrassed to appear as anything other than a responsible American. In the end, his acceptance of the items signal an acceptance of his wife, her idiosyncrasies, and the cultural differences that should be celebrated rather than hidden. All manner of Indian cuisine carry different emotions in This Blessed House. The stew that Twinkle concocts using the vinegar that Sanjeev urges be thrown out ends up delicious – evidence that her way of doing things may not be wrong after all. This meal can be compared to the take-out Indian meals that Sanjeev would pick up in his bachelorhood. Those meals were both comforting and lonely. At the housewarming party, Sanjeev’s Indian male friends join him in the kitchen to snack on the trays of homemade rice that he has prepared. That togetherness occurs over food known to all is indicative of the comfort factor of one’s native food as seen in Lahiri’s stories. Objects also carry significance and reflect the emotions throughout the story. In particular, the weeping Jesus poster that Twinkle insists on keeping is a hit at the party. Twinkle does compromise and hangs the poster on the back of the door to her study but then ends up pointing the poster out to guests, to Sanjeev’s dismay. Her willingness to compromise is undone by her going against his wishes. The Virgin Mary statue found in the garden precipitates a fight between the couple. Twinkle’s poetry book falls in to the bath, signifying both her carelessness and her upset. But the fight does unlock the stalemate between the two.

World Petroleum, Inc. - 1402 Words

World Petroleum, Inc., is a large, international, publicly-traded energy company currently seeking growth opportunities abroad. Their latest interest is Afrinia, a small nation on the west coast of Africa with largely untapped resources. The area is divided into two sections, both geographically and socioculturally. The southern region is made up of grasslands, populated by the Abani tribe. The northern region is made up of rainforest, populated by the Banu tribe. These regions are joined together by the Afrinia River. The Banu people have always resented those belonging to the Abani tribe. The Abani, having easier access to higher education, quickly assumed the higher-raking government positions and corporate jobs after gaining†¦show more content†¦Afrinia’s oil reserves are located in the north and northwestern part of the nation. Drilling, exploration, and production, termed the â€Å"upstream† sector of the oil business, are largely conducted by for eigners because the locals don’t have the technical expertise or knowledge. The Churchill Refinery is the only â€Å"downstream† operation in Afrinia, located in the northwest nearby the upstream activity. There are several ethical quandaries that must be dealt with. The first set comes with the initial decision to invest in oil operations in Afrinia. As mentioned before, the Churchill Refinery is the only downstream operation in the West African nation. This refinery is unable to process the crude oil that is being extracted, necessitating the piping of the excess crude oil to the coastal area for export, and incapable of yielding high-quality product, requiring many of the finished products from crude to be imported. In addition to this, the plant emits a lot of pollution, operates unreliably, is not maintained properly, and has a poor safety record. Economic analysis has shown that it would not be viable to build another refinery, and World Petroleum is leani ng towards upgrading the current facilities to a small, complex plant. Upgrading the Churchill Refinery would be a great opportunity for the nation to